Stage II Gonarthrosis (Moderate Knee Osteoarthritis)

In stage 2 gonarthrosis, degenerative-dystrophic manifestations occur. The articular surfaces flatten, and the joint space narrows. The bone adjacent to the hyaline (articular) cartilage hardens, and osteophytes develop as the bone tissue expands in the form of spurs.. The joint capsule loses its elasticity, the synovial fluid thickens, and the hyaline cartilage breaks down. The joint function becomes significantly impaired.

Stage II gonarthrosis serves as an indication for arthro-medullary shunting. During this procedure, a shunt made of high-quality titanium is implanted into the joint, connecting two cavities: the bone marrow cavity and the joint cavity. Through the shunt, acting as an oiler, bone marrow lipids enter the joint. They facilitate the gliding of the surfaces, improve the lubrication of the affected joint, enhance mobility, and prevent the wear and tear of articular cartilage.

Even after minimal exertion, severe and prolonged pain occurs on both the anterior and medial aspects of the joint. After an extended period of rest, the pain subsides. A characteristic crunching or clicking sound (crepitus) is heard during knee movement, and a sharp, severe pain occurs when attempting to flex the leg fully. Friction increases, the joint deforms, and the range of motion is severely reduced. Very frequently, synovitis occurs.